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Management Rights Letter: Granting Institutional Investors Oversight Access
When startups take money from venture capital funds subject to ERISA or similar regulations, those funds need a special document: the Management Rights Letter (MRL). This short but powerful agreement ensures the investor has sufficient rights to “manage” their investment, helping them comply with legal requirements.
Indemnification Agreement: Personal Protection for Startup Directors and Officers
When startup leaders make tough calls - hiring, spending, pivoting - they expose themselves to personal liability. The Indemnification Agreement serves as a legal shield, protecting directors and officers against lawsuits, claims, and costs incurred while serving the company.
ROFR and Co-Sale Agreement: Managing Share Transfers While Preserving Cap Table Control
In venture-backed startups, control of the cap table is critical. The Right of First Refusal and Co-Sale Agreement (ROFR/Co-Sale) helps founders and investors maintain that control by regulating how shares are transferred - particularly when founders, early employees, or other major holders want to sell.
Voting Agreement: Aligning Shareholder Power in Key Company Decisions
While founders often assume they’ll control their company post-funding, the Voting Agreement tells a more nuanced story. This document outlines how shareholders agree to vote their shares on critical company matters, including board elections and future financing approvals.
FAQs
Open allIs an MOU legally binding?
Most MOUs are not legally binding, but they can include binding provisions if clearly stated, such as confidentiality or exclusivity.
What’s the biggest risk in signing an LOI?
Overcommitting - such as granting long exclusivity or including too much detail - can lock you into unfavorable terms before negotiations are complete.
Can you walk away from an LOI?
Yes, unless you are bound by specific provisions. However, backing out without good reason may damage future relationships.
Why do investors and buyers use LOIs?
LOIs outline deal terms upfront, giving both sides confidence before investing in due diligence and full contract drafting.
Is a Letter of Intent legally binding?
Most of an LOI is non-binding, but certain provisions like confidentiality and exclusivity are enforceable.
Why do SaaS startups need a Data Processing Addendum (DPA)?
If you handle personal data, a DPA ensures compliance with GDPR, CCPA, and similar laws. Many enterprise clients require it before signing.
Who owns the customer data in a SaaS Agreement?
Usually the customer, though the provider may retain limited rights to use the data for service delivery, analytics, or improvements.
Do SaaS Agreements need Service Level Agreements (SLAs)?
Yes, especially in B2B deals. SLAs provide uptime guarantees and remedies for service failures, which are critical for enterprise customers.
What makes a SaaS Agreement different from a software license?
Traditional licenses transfer a copy of the software, while SaaS Agreements grant access to use the software as a service without ownership.
Who owns improvements made to licensed IP?
It depends on the agreement. Without clear terms, disputes often arise over whether the licensee or licensor owns enhancements.
How are royalties typically structured?
They can be flat fees, per-user charges, or revenue-based percentages. Audit rights are critical to confirm accurate reporting.
Should startups offer exclusive licenses?
Exclusivity can motivate partners but carries risk. If granted, tie exclusivity to performance obligations like sales targets or minimum royalties.
What’s the difference between licensing and selling IP?
Selling transfers ownership permanently, while licensing allows others to use your IP under defined terms while you retain ownership.
Should startups offer exclusive licenses?
Exclusivity can motivate partners but carries risk. If granted, tie exclusivity to performance obligations like sales targets or minimum royalties.
What’s the difference between licensing and selling IP?
Selling transfers ownership permanently, while licensing allows others to use your IP under defined terms while you retain ownership.